![]() ![]() ![]() They are sometimes referred to as bicuspid teeth. The permanent dentition has 8 premolars that generally have 2 cusps, but this is not always the case. Oral surgery may be required to aid the eruption of these teeth. These are frequently located radiographically in the palate, or high the buccal sulcus. Teenagers who experience dental crowding (the total width of the teeth exceeds the available width of the arch for the teeth to erupt in to) may present with unerupted canines. They are sometimes referred to as cuspid teeth.Ĭanines have long stable roots that withstand greater forces than incisors. The function of the cusp is to pierce and hold food. They are located at corners of the mouth and have an incisal edge that has a sharp, triangular shaped projection. There are 4 canines in both the primary and permanent dentition 2 maxillary and 2 mandibular. The consequences of traumatic dental injuries can be significant in terms of function, aesthetics, dental anxiety, and quality of life for affected children and their carers.īy Ανώνυμος Βικιπαιδιστής, via Wikimedia Commonsįig 3 – Labial and lingual views of the maxillary central incisor. Traumatic dental injuries are common in childhood (at least 1 in 10 children are affected). Incisor teeth, particularly in the maxilla, are at risk of damage during a traumatic dental injury, due to their relatively unprotected position, and their size and shape. ![]() They are located at the front of mouth with central incisors nearest the midline, and lateral incisors between the central incisors and the canines. Central and lateral incisors have straight edges that are designed to incise into food. There are 8 incisors in both the primary and permanent dentition 4 maxillary and 4 mandibular. permanent mandibular right lateral incisor. Note: There is an accepted order that is used when naming teeth: dentition, arch, quadrant, tooth type. The premolars are only present in the permanent dentition. There are four main types of teeth – incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. The apical foramen is the space at the apex through which blood vessels and nerves enter the dental pulp, and through which pulp infection may enter the alveolus and surrounding soft tissues. The pulp cavity is the space within a tooth root that is filled with the vital dental pulp, a pink mass of innervated, vascular tissue. The boundary where the anatomic crown meets the anatomic root (where the enamel meets the cementum) is called the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). The part of the tooth where the dentine and enamel meet is called the dentino-enamel junction (DEJ). Dentine is a vital, innervated tissue that accounts for the majority of the hard tooth structure. It becomes visible if a tooth is extruded from the alveolar socket during a traumatic dental injury, and when periodontal disease (disease of the tooth supporting tissues) causes root exposure a person becomes “long in the tooth”.Ī layer of dentine lies beneath the enamel and cementum, throughout the crown and root. Cementum is a softer, more sensitive tissue.Enamel is susceptible to dental caries, tooth wear and acid dissolution. It is, in effect, designed to provide thermal insulation for a tooth, and to protect the internal vital tissues from destruction. Enamel is a robust, avascular hard tissue with a high mineral content.Generally, the anatomic crown is covered by enamel, whilst the anatomic root is covered by cementum: The part of a tooth which is visible in the mouth is referred to as the clinical crown, while the part which is not visible is, by definition, the clinical root.Īnatomically, the crown and root can be distinguished based on their structure and the type of hard tooth tissue covering the external surface. A tooth can be divided into two main parts – the crown and the root. ![]()
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